Abstract

The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) and 5G technologies promises to revolutionize various industries by enabling ultra-reliable, low-latency, and high-throughput communication for an unprecedented number of connected devices. However, this convergence presents several challenges, including scalability, security, energy efficiency, and seamless interoperability. This paper provides a comprehensive review and critical analysis of existing methodologies for IoT-5G integration, highlighting key design frameworks, protocols, and architectural models. We explore various approaches to ensure efficient data transmission, resource management, and network optimization, emphasizing their performance metrics and limitations. Furthermore, we examine the primary challenges faced during integration, such as interference management, quality of service (QoS) assurance, security vulnerabilities, and the handling of heterogeneous devices and networks. Aim to identify research gaps and suggest potential solutions that could address the limitations and enhance the reliability and scalability of IoT-5G systems in real-world applications. However, with the advent growth in the number of IoT devices the signaling overhead in the IoT systems will grow exponentially. A novel queuing model based scheduling scheme is also proposed to overcome the limitations of the existing scheduling schemes and also to include the proposed protocol stack.